The family Pelecinidae (Hymenoptera) contains only a single extant genus, Pelecinus Latreille. Two fossil genera have been described, Iscopinus Kozlov from the Cretaceous and Pelecinopteron Brues from the Eocene-Oligocene (Brues 1933, Kozlov 1974). Fifteen species-group names have been proposed in Pelecinus, but present taxonomic opinion recognizes only a single species, P. polyturator (Drury). The original descriptions of these taxa are:

• Ichneumon polyturator Drury, 1773.
• Ichneumon polycerator Fabricius, 1777.
• Ichneumon libellula Christ, 1791.
• Pelecinus clavator Latreille, 1817.
• Pelecinus tibiator Perty, 1833.
• Pelecinus dichrous Perty, 1833.
• Pelecinus Guerinii De Romand, 1840.
• Pelecinus rufus Klug, 1841.
• Pelecinus thoracicus Klug, 1841.
• Pelecinus annulatus Klug, 1841.
• Pelecinus Duponchelii De Romand, 1842.
• Pelecinus Spinolae De Romand, 1842.
• Pelecinus brunneipes Patton, 1894.
• Pelecinus polyturator var. apicalis Roman, 1910.
• Pelecinus polyturator v. peruvianus Brèthes, 1920.

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